Organizational Perspective free essay sample

Running Head: ORGANIZATION PERSPECTIVES Organization Perspective OM8010 †Principles of Organization †Theory and Practice Dr. Robin Parry Capella University August 8, 2011 Organization Perspective Abstract As associations experience increment hierarchical inflexibility, execution decays can be driven by decline in inventive change and worker turnover, understanding these movements are basic to the primary concern. A significant duty regarding top administrators is to decipher these movements and to comprehend the multifaceted nature of associations, to have the option to react adequately. Seeing how the three various hypothetical points of view: innovation, representative interpretive, and post innovation apply with the suspicions metaphysics and epistemology as markers used to examine, make changes, and choices, for day by day exercises of an association. Bring forth (with Cunliffe) (2006), battles that an association is a conventional structure with an inner request, a lot of normal laws administering its activity, as opposed to work from a subjectivity way of the board. Getting a working information on every point of view and having the option to decide how to apply the standards and ideas offers dependence and coherence inside a hierarchical structure. We will compose a custom exposition test on Hierarchical Perspective or then again any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Applying the standards of association hypothesis and seeing how these alternate points of view as indicated by Hatch (with Cunliffe) (2006) can impact the manner in which others experience, decipher, and shape hierarchical real factors. Association Perspective The fast development of the globalization time has changed the manner in which organizations work. With this fast development organizations have rolled out significant improvements in the manner by which they work. With the presentation of PCs and other innovation, changed the manner by which data is given and gotten. The old obsolete methods of working together has changed definitely. Therefore the innovation time was made. Because of the unpredictability of associations the need to decipher basic changes that happen inside the structure of associations, frequently makes a shortfall in settling on imaginative choices can be basic to the primary concern. These structure moves and changes lead to a decrease in power, absence of dependence in keeping up formalized procedures and methods, and diminish the progression of data went down from top chiefs. As per Hatch (with Cunliffe) (2006) hierarchical hypothesis (OT) and seeing how the hypothetical points of view apply inside an association can impact the manner in which others experience, decipher; create basic reasoning aptitudes, expected to expand profitability, to shape, and to deal with the elements of an association. The motivation behind this paper is to distinguish and characterize the three authoritative hypothetical points of view: innovation, emblematic interpretive, and post innovation; look into the opportunities for structuring and dealing with these viewpoints inside an association. Characterize the suppositions of cosmology and epistemology and the impacts from utilizing the three hypothetical points of view inside the authoritative structure to improve the nature of the executives style. Incubate (with Cunliffe) (2006) gives a diagram of the origination of the three hypothetical points of view: innovation, emblematic interpretive, and post innovation viewpoints. The commencement of these terms happened during the hour of the Great Transformation, researchers attempted to clarify the rising changes around them. The Enlightenment and Industrial Revolution period added to hypothetical developments for early scholars like Emile Durkeim (1949), Karl Marx (1954) and Max Weber (1947). They were worried about the structures that developed around them, and how individuals were affected inside hierarchical structure. Early administration experts received Scientific Management as an approach to run associations. Progenitors of the executives: Winslow Taylor (1911) and Henri Fayol (1949) were profoundly regarded for their frameworks and techniques that were broadly applied over the world. Innovation was birthed (Hatch (with Cunliffe), 2006). As a note, Hatch with the help of Cunliffe contributed a colossal measure of time and investigation into building up the system that is currently used to clarify the three hypothetical points of view, and thought about a specialist in this field. Refers to from their exploration will be utilized to help this contention. In view of exploration by Hatch and Cunliffe, the hypothetical points of view accentuated proficiency, and viability that would give a voice not exclusively to the reactions raised against association hypothesis, yet in addition as an apparatus of ‘mangerialism’ (Hatch (with Cunliffe), 2006). In innovator association hypotheses, the authoritative condition as per Hatch (with Cunliffe) (2006), is conceptualized as elements that lie beyond the associations to give crude materials, and different assets, items, and administrations, which impact the result of associations. Innovators see the world existing freely, regardless of whether they cooperate with it or not. The truth is standing by to be found through ideas and speculations. The need to break down these conditions and patterns related with general condition factors interfaces the association to the earth properties. The pioneer point of view centers around how to build effectiveness, and considered a target markers of execution through the utilization of hypotheses identifying with structure and control as per Hatch (with Cunliffe) (2006). Innovator viewpoint center fundamentally around people; treats chance inclinations as an endeavor to evaluate hazard without a pessimistic effect in the dynamic procedure. By this view, dangers are a social and staggered marvel; hazard inclinations, observations, and reactions are found out; hazard can be seen abstractly and regularly unquantifiable. Nature is a complex, socially developed framework; moral contemplations are indispensable to hazard appraisal and the executives; and associations react to chance through their activities, not simply by deciding. These topics persuade new bearings for circumstances inside the association (Esade McKelvey, 2010). As indicated by Hatch (with Cunliffe) (2006), the forthcoming of Symbolic-interpretive expands the meaning of observational reality to incorporate encounters that lie outside the compass of the five detects, to incorporate feelings and instinct. Thus, this idea is dependent upon subjectivity, and can't be effectively recreated by others. The emblematic interpretive point of view center around importance and understandings, bringing about discoveries that are introduced in summed up design. Conversely, pioneer points of view center around the association as an autonomous target element and adopt a positive strategy to creating information. The emblematic interpretive viewpoint centers around the association as a network supported by human connections and uses prevalently emotional metaphysics and an interpretive epistemology. When all is said in done, the emblematic point of view extends the limits of thought for pioneers (e. g. squander isn't viewed as waste, in the event that it is exchanged), while the postmodernist viewpoint powers on the innovator to think about shameful acts inside this structure (e. . Corporate Social Responsibility). Likewise, the representative interpretive viewpoint can uncover the delicate condition of an association; and on the off chance that it is relying upon its workers to endure. It very well may be said truly, that workers can represent the deciding moment an organization as per Drago (1999). As per Esade and McKelvey (2010) Postmodern ism, a development that rose in the late 1960s to challenge the fundamental tends of innovation and its epistemological suspicion. Esade and McKelvey (2010) propose that OT has been pulled in inverse ways by innovator and postmodernist ontologisms. Authoritative researchers, are gotten between the two clashing bases of authenticity with minimal in general accord on what comprises substantial truth claims. Tough and Palmer (1999) show that postmodern methodologies are moderately new to the executives and OT brings various difficulties for the board. Postmodernism is given a level of discussion, difference, and feeling infrequently found in the normally progressively impassive universe of association and come up short on the customary attributes of associations. The unpredictability and the elements of association structure assumes a significant job in the seeing how organizations work in today’s culture. Hierarchical social structure is viewed as the moderately steady example of social conduct inside associations that oblige and empower singular activity, (Hatch (with Cunliffe), 2006). Considering Hatch’s (with Cunliffe) (2006), meaning of associations expresses that there are a few implications. Associations can be social, innovation, social, and physical structures that are every one of the a piece of the authoritative condition. These points of view add to control, struggle, dynamic, force, governmental issues, and change; and are additionally ideas used to characterize the study of (OT). Associations work in intricate, dubious, and frequently conflicting circumstances. As indicated by Tsoukas and Knudsen (2005), ideas from OT have been talked about for as far back as 150 years, post modern insurgency and new ideas have an immediate and roundabout effect on the earth in how associations work today. Individuals in associations are self-coordinating and self-structuring. As they structure clubs and talk a similar language to share data and take care of issues; associations can likewise be seen as a network of practices (Lave Wenger, 1991). Incubate (with Cunliffe) (2006), fights that because of the multifaceted nature and pluralism of associations, chiefs who comprehend and utilize different points of view are progressively prepared to utilize their insight into OT to

My father had told me that I should consider first my budget

I am so energized in purchasing my first vehicle. Can’t hold on to drive it! As I was perusing through inventories and asking loved ones I’ve discovered that there are factors that I need to consider in buying a vehicle. I thought it was as simple as purchasing a chocolate bar at the store. My dad had disclosed to me that I ought to consider first my spending plan. What’s the financial plan I’ve allocated for my vehicle? It was at exactly that point that I had considered it. It appears that my financial plan won’t coordinate the vehicle I’ve longed for buying.So my dad instructed me to think about different elements, for example, search for a vehicle that would accommodate my spending plan. Next is the nature of the vehicle, similar to the motor and the body; and finally are the highlights of the vehicle. What I did was glance through the inventories and pamphlets once more. Compose on a bit of paper the highlights I like and the sort of moto r that accommodates my way of life. On the opposite side are the highlights of the vehicles I’m taking a gander at. Cross out the things that I don’t like, and left out what I like and the things that coordinate them.It was at exactly that point that I had the option to pick the vehicle that I’ll be buying. Be that as it may, there are three decisions left, which I truly need to consider and consider. I again counseled my dad about it to conclude my choice. He advised me to proceed to look at the vehicles that are in my rundown, â€Å"Once you’re there and check them you’ll know which one is for you. † And I did went to look at the vehicles. I wasn’t ready to see the third decision for when I saw the second vehicle I realized it was for me.As on the off chance that it was calling me, when I moved toward it to look at the seats, the insides and motor, I didn’t burn through whenever at all and addressed the vehicle sales rep. Tha t evening I haggled with the sales rep and had the option to buy the vehicle not exactly my spending plan. I felt so cultivated and successful. The sales rep advised me to return following a couple of days for the vehicle. I called my dad while I was leaving the workplace, mentioning to him what occurred. He was simply snickering while I was talking.I continued talking as though I didn’t hear he was giggling on the other line. At the point when I was done he stated, â€Å"That’s what I was letting you know. Presently you comprehend what I was stating. What's more, I can say that you’re too pleased and upbeat that you had the option to buy your first vehicle all alone. † When I heard that I just gestured and stated, â€Å"Thank you without a doubt, Dad. I love you. † It was such a satisfying inclination, that, I won’t overlook that experience. I go with a similar procedure each time I would buy something. I’ve took in a ton from my dad .

The Conflict Between Manmade Law And Natural Law Philosophy Essay

The Conflict Between Manmade Law And Natural Law Philosophy Essay At the point when Agamemnon is compelled to return Chryseis back to her dad, he gives a final offer announcing that he would possibly do as such in the event that he gets Briseis in return. This irritates the strong Achilles out of hand (henceforth the above statement) who at that point proceeds to defy Agamemnon. This where the entire issue of synthetic law versus normal law becomes an integral factor, on the grounds that in book I, Agamemnon is depicted as an influential man who rules over all the Argives, one the Achaeans must comply with A powerful ruler, Achilles then again, is communicated as the inimitable sprinter. This gives us that despite the fact that by the law of nature, Achilles ought to be the person who is in charge, however by the privilege of birth, Agamemnon is the one in complete force. When attempting to clarify the distinction in artificial law versus normal law, the differentiation is clear. There are sure guidelines in the public arena that we need to submit to all together for agreeable living. These are essential standards and qualities that are penetrated into us from adolescence through different types of socialization, for example, school, family and so forth. These incorporate different guidelines, for example, regard, love and to esteem the individuals who are precious to us. In school we have different authorizations forced on us in the event that we break any of the set standards, for example, cheating or skiving class for no clear explanation. For progressively genuine offenses, for example, murder, misrepresentation or burglary, different specialists of social control can get control over these unnatural wants by placing us into remand homes or prison. Besides, inside a nation we are given sure human rights which we can practice regularly, for example, the right to speak freely of discourse, option to rise to insurance under the law and so forth. At the point when new principles and guidelines are set up inside a general publ ic, we state that these standards are artificial, as these don't falls into place without any issues for us. Regular law is that unwritten law that is pretty much the equivalent for everybody all over. To be progressively precise, regular law is the idea of an assortment of good rules that is basic to all mankind and, as by and large set, is unmistakable by human explanation alone. Characteristic law is subsequently recognized from-and gives a standard to artificial law, the formal legitimate establishments of a specific culture. Since laws are made for an explanation; normal law is utilized to direct human explanation. Truth be told, it is law found by human explanation. Our typical and common handle of the regular law is influenced by reason, that is, by the reasoning psyche, and in this administration reason is once in a while called still, small voice. We, in the entirety of our human demonstrations, unavoidably observe them in their connection to the characteristic law, and we intellectually articulate upon their understanding or conflict with the regular law. Such a profession might b e known as a judgment of still, small voice. The standard of ethical quality is the characteristic law as applied by inner voice. Ultimately, we can say that the characteristic law is the air of things as known by our human explanation and to which we should adjust ourselves in the event that we are to understand our legitimate end or great as people. So in an increasingly brief structure, we can say that regular law is that by people can sanely direct themselves to their great. The starting points of regular law hypothesis lie in Ancient Greece. Numerous Greek thinkers examined and classified the idea of normal law, and it assumed a significant job in Greek government. Later thinkers, for example, St. Thomas Aquinas, Thomas Hobbes, and John Locke based on crafted by the Greeks in common law hypothesis treatises of their own. A considerable lot of these savants utilized normal law as a system for condemning and transforming artificial laws, contending that synthetic laws which are unfair under the standards of common law are legitimately needing. A few scholars contend that people may surrender certain rights to live in the public arena, for the better human great. Be that as it may, the essential fundamentals of equity and a longing to do great despite everything remain. A few people likewise incorporate strict convictions into common law hypothesis, while others allude all the more for the most part to essential good laws which could conceivably be guided by strict confidence. To really comprehend the premise of the characteristic law hypothesis, we need to return in time, as Aristotle was the pioneer in thinking of this hypothesis. In antiquated Greece, the accentuation on the distinction between nature (physis, ) and law, custom, or show (nomos, ) was made evident from the beginning. It fundamentally implied that despite the fact that the rule that everyone must follow may shift here and there, however essentially they ought to be the equivalent all over the place. Against the traditionalism that the differentiation among nature and custom could make, Socrates and his insightful beneficiaries, Plato and Aristotle, set forward the presence of normal equity or regular right. Returning to clarifying regular law and synthetic law in the Iliad, we can unmistakably observe the imbalance in the positions inside the military. Achilles, who is the child of the goddess Thetis, is made the pioneer of the Achaeans though Agamemnon is the president and is an insignificant human. Moreover, we note that Achilles is self-less and honorable, while Agamemnon is conceited and pretentious. Verification of this is obvious when Achilles is made to surrender his prize (Briseis) on the grounds that Agamemnon requests it as an end-result of sending back Chryseis. Achilles is rankled by the solicitation and contends that the loot has just been circulated and a decent man doesn't reclaim what he has given. Agamemnon and Achilles contend, each man offending the other. Agamemnon takes steps to take a prize in the event that one isn't given to him, and Achilles helps him that all to remember the Achaeans are battling against adversaries who have just wronged Menelaus. For the two r egal siblings, the Argives wicked their hands against men who have done them no off-base. Achilles likewise grumbles that however he bears the heaviest weight in fight, the lord is consistently ravenous for prizes. Achilles won't battle any longer as he will return home to Phthia. On account of this shame, outrage holds onto Achilles and he walks toward Agamemnon to murder him. Hera sends the goddess Athena to stop him. No one but Achilles can see Athena, who instructs him not to murder the ruler. She guarantees that Achilles will be fairly made up for this incredible disrespect and Achilles complies with her. This is itself is a characteristic to be noted, despite the fact that Achilles is fuming with rage and an enthusiasm to decimate Agamemnon there and afterward, he limitations himself since he is told by a goddess and demonstrated that despite the fact that he might be more grounded and increasingly idealistic of the two, Agamemnon is as yet the lord and subsequently he should be obeyed genuinely. Artificial law is made for the advancement of humanity. Man knows this law, makes this law, and along these lines can violate this law, or correct it, or erase it. In the Iliad, we can see that Agamemnon not just exciting bends in the road the law furthering his potential benefit however even attempts to test his military, to make sure he can be certain that his military despite everything offers him the sort of appreciation requested by a lord, obvious and unquestionable. This is seen when Thetis, begs Zeus to mediate and bring the fight between the two relentless warriors to an end. Zeus at that point comes to Agamemnon in his fantasy, yet Agamemnon controls it furthering his potential benefit. We likewise watch the undeniable distinction among Achilles and Agamemnon, when Nestor, most established of the Achaean rulers, rises and tells the two men that they should hear him out, on the grounds that he is old and has lived and battled with warriors more noteworthy than any presently living. He asks Agamemnon not to take Briseis, Achilles genuinely won prize, and he reveals to Achilles that he should regard Agamemnons position as president. His words are lost on the two men. Achilles comes back to his boats with his buddy Patroclus. The Achaeans send the boats to make the penance, with Odysseus accountable for the undertaking. In the mean time, Agamemnon sends men to get Briseis, who is surrendered without a battle Achilles doesn't avoid in light of the fact that the young lady was a blessing conveyed by Agamemnon and the incredible warrior feels it isn't up to him to deny the ruler. This unmistakably shows if Achilles needed, he could have struck down Agamemnon with no exertion and still has his military, yet he decide to comply with the rule that everyone must follow and adjust to the standard of complying with ones lord. Agamemnon then again, abused and mishandled his capacity and took what was not his and carried on in a manner not fitting for a ruler. According to positivists like Rousseau (1754), there is no law except if we make it, which is valid as in there are no social results of our activities except if society has consented to actualize such outcomes. The idea of normal law recommends that there are powers following up on man that are past change. Despite the fact that there are evident instances of logical characteristic law, for example, the law of gravity, there are increasingly unobtrusive models, for example, the law that taking from your neighbor will cause hardship on you and others. As indicated by Dentreves (1954) Natural Law is official past the desire of any material being, man notwithstanding. What this is attempting to infer is that characteristic law exists even without the presence of man, and in reality as history shows us, regular law existed a long time before man, and even life by and large. Synthetic laws are socially and mentally characterized, not the slightest bit would they be able to be mistaken fo r normal law. The line among common and synthetic law must be drawn between those laws which were deliberately made and those which exist to some degree as a matter of course. Yves R. Simon says that characteristic law can't be broken. Moral estimations appear to be normal law in light of the fact that our profound quality leads us to contemplate it. Artificial law is otherwise called positive law in numerous specific circumstances, the explanation this is so is on the grounds that they are normally forced on the residents of a specific region. There are numerous contentions that point towards the way that positive law is consistently strict in nature, for instance The Ten Commandments of Christianity; Christians should think about the Ten Commandments legitimate not just on the grounds that they are established in moral princ

Personal statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Individual explanation - Essay Example I need to increase important experience as a doctor right hand and accept that the MEDEX Northwest offers me this chance. I accept that my work involvement with the diverse medicinal services organizations makes me a fantastic possibility for the program. Functioning as an EKG expert has presented me to various advancements that are significantly relevant in the clinical part. I have additionally had the chance to work at VA emergency clinic, where I had a chance to connect with individuals of various foundations. This I accept will be an advantage for the foundation. My experience and preparing in law carries exceptional incentive to the organization as I trust it helps in making a comprehension of human conduct, a significant resource in social insurance preparing and practice. In my quest for great instruction, I am set up to confront any difficulties that may come my direction. The greatest test I hope to experience will be in meeting my full money related commitments. Be that as it may, I am hopeful that with enormous responsibility and commitment, I will beat this test and complete my course inside the necessary time. I accept that my involvement with various clinics just as my scholastic foundation has given me important assets that I accept will be good for my colleagues. I additionally accept that my examination aptitudes will be an extraordinary commitment to my group. Being a second language understudy, I trust I will think that its simpler to blend with the minority bunches in the organization and go about as extension to non local talking

Mayeroffs Caring Essay Example for Free

Mayeroffs Caring Essay Mayeroffs Major Ingredients of Caring Related to Coaching Soccer This exposition clarifies how Milton Mayeroffs Major Ingredients of Caring, in his book, On Caring, identifies with training soccer. There are eight fixings that Mayeroff examines in his book that all identify with turning into an effective mentor. On the off chance that a mentor anaylzes and thinks about every fixing, he can profoundly build up his aptitude as a mindful coach and guide of the players in his charge. Mayeroffs fundamental rule is that when an individual thinks about another person, the individual being thought about will develop. In rder for a mentor to be effective, he needs his players to develop; consequently he needs to think about all the players in his group. A careful mentor will think about every fixing that Mayeroff depicts so development can fortify the players exclusively and as a group. This exposition looks at the fixings, Knowledge, Alternating Rhythms and Patience, of minding to delineate an immediate connection among mindful and instructing soccer. In part one, Mayeroff clarifies the essential example of minding with instances of how caring influences another people development. Mayeroff further builds up his considerations on minding in part two by showing how caring can be practiced by knowing, encountering rotating rhythms, the demonstration of tolerance, trustworthiness, trust, quietude, expectation and mental fortitude. Examining and afterward seeing each of the eight fixings that Mayeroff portrays will have exceptional significance to minding inside a relationship. In training soccer, an effective mentor will have exceptional qualities, anyway in information, substituting rhythms and persistence. Instructing soccer requires mindful and this paper will clarify how these three fixings are basic for fruitful training. The principal fixing Mayeroff presents is the idea of Knowing. Mayeroff separates knowing into various elements: explicit versus wide, verifiable versus unequivocal, and direct versus circuitous. The unraveling of information, as Mayeroff clarifies it, permits a superior comprehension of how caring is finished with these critical variables. Mayeroff states, To think about somebody, I should know numerous things. I should know, for instance, who the other is, the thing that his forces and restrictions are, what his needs are, and what is helpful for his development (p. 1 3). Every one of these segments of information is essential in helping a ndividual develop, especially in soccer. The establishment of a games group, particularly soccer, begins with the mentor. The mentor is the leader of the group and along these lines is required to gain the most information about the game. A mentor has to know all parts of the game, for example, hostile and protective methodologies, distinctive ball abilities, and the continuance it takes to be a soccer player. Likewise, the mentor must have the option to see the entirety of his players: their abilities, characters, qualities and shortcomings. Furthermore, with the end goal for development to happen, the mentor must know his rucial part in Mayeroffs knowing fixing. All together for a mentor to be fruitful, knowing the attributes of a player like, how quick they are, best position, and quality of the players kick, is critical to encourage a players development. Along these lines the mentor can apply an alternate encouraging technique to guarantee that every player will get the data such that the player can comprehend and develop from. In soccer, realizing these attributes can give the mentor a thought of the best bores to run by and by. Additionally, the mentor may partition the players into various gatherings subsequent to knowing he players qualities in explicit situations on the field. Realizing all the distinctive data makes instructing an amazingly troublesome assignment; anyway a mindful mentor will think about learning every part of a player. The activity of caring permits the mentor to gain the particular information on his players. A mentor who couldn't care less about his players or group would instruct in a manner that isn't successful to every player. The players can develop when the mentor thinks enough about acquiring more information to show them such that will build their aptitudes. Information isn't the main ngredient that drives a mentor to be a fruitful one. Rotating rhythms is characterized as the musicality of moving to and fro among smaller and more extensive structure (p. 22), and is the second fixing that Mayeroff examines with respect to mindful. While training soccer, the mentor needs to comprehend that not all players will learn at a similar pace or similarly. The exchanging musicality fixing mirrors the way that various strategies are required for various players. A mentor is an instructor: when somebody doesn't comprehend an idea, another way is resolved all together for he understudy to grasp the idea. Soccer is an intelligent game that requires a great deal of training to secure the numerous moves and deceives that make a soccer player powerful. For example, if a player doesn't comprehend a mentor through a visual case of a particular play during a corner kick, the mentor needs to build up another strategy to show the player the particular play . Something very similar goes for a play or a kick. A safeguard has to realize how to take the ball from the rival group, and afterward execute hostile aptitudes. On the off chance that a mentor doesn't show this in an intelligible way, he player won't have the option to develop. It is dependent upon the mentor to help the player to secure information on kicks, aptitudes and hostile and guarded plays to become fruitful in one game as well as a player. The two players and mentors have a specific way they might want to be educated; be that as it may, if a mentor needs the players to develop, alterations in method and penances of inclination must check the coachs utilization of exchanging rhythms. Eagerness to make these changes will characterize how profoundly the mentor thinks about the soccer group. A third fixing that Mayeroff investigates in On Caring can enable a mentor to turn out to be progressively effective: Patience. As per Mayeroff, persistence doesn't mean standing by inactively for something to happen, rather, it implies that an individual ought to effectively take an interest in the development of the other individual. Mayeroff states, The man who cares shows restraint since he trusts in the development of the other (p. 24). Soccer, similar to all games, requires practice on the off chance that one is to get capable. At the point when a mentor goes over a player who isn't eager to invest energy or exertion, somebody who abandons the learning experience, rather than urging the layer to stop, a mindful mentor may practice persistence to enable the player to develop. Indeed, even a capable soccer player may encounter troublesomely learning an aptitude. A mentor despite everything needs handle abilities rapidly. Practicing persistence with a wide range of players will enable the mentor to become effective in light of the fact that development will happen all through the group. Because of fluctuated expertise levels and rates at which players embrace abilities, the mentor must have a lot of tolerance and show his players various aptitudes all inside similar times of training. On the off chance that, for example, the mentor chose to do a shooting drill with three guilty parties, wo protectors and a goalie, when these six players run the drill, the mentor should concentrate on every person and perceive what can be enhanced. For instance, a guilty party may require advancement on a stunt. Another might need to build up a transition to spill away from safeguards. One wrongdoer may deal with spilling while on a split away. The safeguards may require help with Jockeying in reverse close to a guilty party alongside applying pressure. The goalie may require help with an upper left hand shot, instead of a grounder to the side of the objective. All these ifferent parts of play that need improvement require persistence from players and the mentor. A mentor needs to take each strategy in turn with every player, while different players sit tight. Tolerance will encourage development in all players on the grounds that the mentor minds enough to concentrate on the aptitudes that should be reinforced. For a mentor, practicing tolerance, while permitting players to learn without pressure, will reinforce the group and simultaneously build up the mentor himself. As he keeps on setting up the elements of the group, and get familiar with every player range of abilities, aring and developing increments, embodying how an effective mentor utilizes tolerance in soccer. I recognized three out of the eight fixings Milton Mayeroff talks about in his book On Caring, to show how caring is practiced in the most profound way. With the goal for minding to happen in soccer, a mentor should actualize the three elements of information, rotating rhythms and tolerance. At the point when an individual in a relationship develops, caring is exemplified. The models Mayeroff notes all through his book helped me depict the message of minding through training soccer; instructors with tudents, guardians with kids, or any two individuals in a relationship. His models straightforwardly connect with instructing soccer in light of the fact that a mentor has numerous associations with his group, and needs to alter his training capacities to fit every player needs. A fruitful mentor will see his group develop due to information, substituting rhythms and tolerance. Seeing every one of these components is a ton for one individual to take on; in any case, practicing them will profit the players, however the mentor too. Since the mentor can think about the entirety of the players, he can gain from he players by taking his encounters to help develop as a fruitful mentor.

Support Groups for Parents of Troubled Teens

Support Groups for Parents of Troubled Teens Theories Behavioral Psychology Print Support Groups for Parents of Troubled Teens By Amy Morin, LCSW facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our editorial policy Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on July 15, 2019 Barry Rosenthal / Getty Images More in Theories Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology When most people think of support groups, groups like Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) might be the first thing that comes to mind. But there are many other groups that exist to help people dealing with a variety of issuesâ€"including raising troubled teens. A parenting support group can provide comfort and advice from others in the same situation. These groups are available in most communities as well as online. How Support Groups Help Initially, it may be difficult to understand the point of participating in a support group. Its the teen who has the problem, so how does a parent benefit from participating in this type of group? Rarely does a teen have a serious problem that doesnt soon have a strong impact on the parent as well. You not only have to put up with your teens behavioral problems at home, but you may also be dealing with complicated systems, like the educational system, legal system, and mental health system.   Parent support groups are designed to provide a setting in which parents can exchange information, reduce stress and find ways to cope with a troubled teen. Its like being coached, supported, educated and cared about by other parents who understand what youre going through. Reasons to Join a Parent Support Group There are a number of reasons to consider joining a parent support group in your area or online. Here are some of the biggest reasons you might consider joining one: Youll get to talk to other parents who understand the types of problems, turmoil, and roadblocks you experience.  You may gain a sense of hope from parents whose teens are making progress.You can get assistance in brainstorming ideas for how to respond to a difficult teen.Attending a support group will ensure you are carving out time to sort out your thoughts about your teen and make plans to take positive action.You can hear other parents experiences with  treatment programs  for their teens. You may gain information about what services they have found helpful.You may gain a better perspective on your teens situation.You could learn tools for improved communication and parenting skills.You can get referrals to therapists or outpatient programs in your area that other parents know are effective.?You can receive feedback about whether you may be over- or under-reacting to your teens problems from parents dealing with similar problems.Youll likely find solace in the fact that you are n ot alone.You may avoid making mistakes with your teen by listening to what other parents have tried that didnt work.You can help other parents by sharing your thoughts, experience, and advice.The group can share information about books, websites, and other helpful parenting resources.You can receive help from others in dealing with a crisis teen situation.Theres a good chance you might find an opportunity to keep your sense of humor. Even though many things troubled teens do are risky, there may be some silly things that youre able to laugh at once in a while, too.  Vent the uncomfortable feelings that come up in dealing with a difficult teen with parents who wont judge and may be able to offer advice.Counteract any fears that its your fault your teen is troubled by relating to other parents dealing with the same challenges. How to Find a Parent Support Group Some groups are more structured than others; some focus more on parent education and others focus primarily on giving and receiving support. Consider your needs before searching for a group.   Here are a few ways you might locate a group: Search online for a listing of groups in your area.Look for online support groups that can connect you to parents who may also be dealing with similar issues, like truancy or substance abuse.  Ask for suggestions from professionals who work with teens.Contact the  medical and mental health facilities in your area for listings of community support groups.Look  into nationwide parent support groups like ToughLove and Because I Love You (BILY).Ask your teens physician for a referral to a support group. Choosing a Therapist to Help Your Troubled Teen

New Dartmouth President

New Dartmouth President June 15, 2013 Philip Hanlon is the new president of Dartmouth College. Philip J. Hanlon is now the president of Dartmouth College. With the 2013 commencement complete, Interim President Carol Folt is off to the University of North Carolina Chapel Hill to become the schools new chancellor. On graduation day, Folt was awarded a surprise doctorate in recognition of all of her years of service and all of her many contributions to the College on the Hill. Hanlon becomes the 18th president in the Wheelock succession and he is the tenth alumnus to lead the college. At age 57, Hanlon comes to Dartmouth from the University of Michigan where he served as the Donald J. Lewis Professor of Mathematics. Most recently, Hanlon served as provost and executive vice president of the University of Michigan. He returns to his alma mater, from which he graduated in 1977, at a time of a little bit of controversy at the college (it happens to every college every several years). Recently, some LGBT students staged a protest at an admitted students event because they essentially feel Dartmouth fosters a discriminatory environment. It led Interim President Folt to cancel classes for a day so that the community could heal, but there is certainly some work to do to improve this recent negative press and Hanlon will be tasked with doing just thisamong many other things. The last Dartmouth president, Jim Kim, didnt last very long in his position as he took the post of being president of the World Bank. Do you think Philip Hanlon will last longer? We happen to think so. But were curious to hear your thoughts on the new Dartmouth president so let us know by posting below!

An Introduction to Vacuole Organelles

Taking a Look at Euthanasia - 1803 Words

The word euthanasia has its origin millennia ago in Ancient Greece, where it means literally the good death. However, in todays society, there are deeper and more layers of meaning to euthanasia than before. There are three basic types of euthanasia: voluntary, non-voluntary and involuntary. Voluntary euthanasia concerns itself with the express wish of a mentally competent person to die through the assistance of others. Voluntary euthanasia can further be divided into two categories: passive voluntary which is the specifically requested withholding of unwanted medical treatment, and active voluntary which is the deliberate action of killing the patient at that patients informed request. Should dying human beings be made to suffer horribly during their last days in this world before looking forward to a painful and undignified death when they wish it to be otherwise? The answer is no. As such, voluntary euthanasia should be legalized for terminally ill patients. For many people, eutha nasia is a preferable option to dependence and unbearable suffering. The results of a 1994 Morgan Poll in Australia showed that 78% of Australians agreed to voluntary euthanasia for patients with fatal diseases or were injured beyond recovery. A study was conducted on patients assessment of states worse than death by Robert Pearlman, a physician specializing in geriatric care at the Seattle Veterans Health Center. In-depth interviews were held with 56 adults suffering from cancer, AIDS,Show MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Euthanasia710 Words   |  3 PagesEuthanasia can be done by veterinarians to your pets when they are old and in pain due to a disease, but what about humans? Euthanasia is the process of which one intentionally ends a life in the hopes of relieving a suffering that otherwise would be too much to bear for the patient. It is usually talked about when someone is inflicted with a terminal illness, or an illness with which there is no cure. They will have bouts of uncontr ollable and excruciating pain but no way to control it. Many ofRead MoreTaking a Look at Euthanasia1787 Words   |  7 PagesThe term Euthanasia was originated from the Greek word â€Å"good death†. However, there is constant debate on whether or not this â€Å"good death† is morally right and thus has become an issue of much controversy. Euthanasia is the act or practice of killing or permitting the death of a hopelessly sick or injured individuals in a relatively painless way for reasons of mercy (Mirriam-Webster). This topic is especially sensitive among the general public because it involves a choice of life and death for aRead MoreTaking a Look at Euthanasia537 Words   |  2 PagesEuthanasia, or â€Å"good death,† refers to the practice of deliberately ending a life in order to relieve pain and suffering. Euthanasia’s applications include physician-assisted suicide and mercy killing. Advocates claim that patients have the right to choose a quick, dignified death over a life of â€Å"suffering.† Suffering encompasses multiple descriptions, from terminal illness to congenital disorders, such as Down Syndrome—even though it is proven that people with such disorders can live a fulfillingRead MoreTaking a Look at Euthanasia695 Words   |  3 PagesThe word ‘euthanasia’ comes from Greek and means ‘pleasant death’. It typically refers to the killing of a person for their own good, usually to end their suffering. Medically assisted suicide, where doctors help patients to die or actually kill them, is legal in a number of European countries, including Belgium and the Netherlands. Euthanasia is a highly complex issue involving difficult questions regarding the role of modern government and the rights of individual citizens. The central argumentRead MoreTaking a Look at Euthanasia1733 Words   |  7 PagesEuthanasia, also commonly referred to as ‘mercy killing’, and ‘assisted suicide’, has been and continues to be the subject to moral, legal, religious and political debates around the world. At the core of debate lies to competing values between the right for every individual to decide to die with dignity when suffering, and the need to uphold the right to life. (Australian Human Rights Commission. 1996) The purpose of this task is to critically analyse the nature and extent of euthanasia and whetherRead MoreTaking a Look at Voluntary Euthanasia1015 Words   |  4 Pageschemotherapy and taking various sorts of drug. The point when slightest wanted, you end up lying on the floor hacking up blood. Notwithstanding youre at the healing center and the specialists are providing for you a desire of six to eight months to live. Mindful that the growth has compound and it is just a mat ter of time before death, you choose you probably wont have any desire to experience any longer ache or enduring. You, then, propose willful extermination to the specialist. Euthanasia, otherwiseRead MoreEssay on Christians Response to the Issue of Euthanasia1616 Words   |  7 PagesChristians Response to the Issue of Euthanasia Euthanasia is currently a highly debated topic for many Christians and in this section of my coursework I will be looking at how Christians may respond to the question of it. However before I explore or begin to explain how a Christian may respond, I need to explore how Christians make their moral decisions. Christians use a number of sources to make decisions or discuss moral issues such as euthanasia. The first of these is theRead More Euthanasia Should Not Be Legal Essay1056 Words   |  5 Pages Euthanasia is a word that comes from ancient Greece and it refers to â€Å"good death†. In the modern societies euthanasia is defined as taking away people’s lives who suffer from an incurable disease. They usually go through this process by painlessness ways to avoid the greatest pains that occurs from the disease. A huge number of countries in the World are against euthanasia and any specific type of it. One of the most important things being discussed nowadays is whether euthanasia should beRead MoreWhat Makes A Human Being A Person?937 Words   |  4 Pagessmall topics of Bioethical issues is euthanasia and whether or not it is okay for anyone to partake in it. Euthanasia is the act of either passively or actively taking a person’s live. Another type of euthanasia is called voluntary euthanasia, which could also be called as sisted suicide. It is morally okay to take person’s life if they asked for help. Therefore, euthanasia is morally okay. What makes a human a person plays a role in the moral judgement of euthanasia because it is up to the person whoRead MoreExploring the Different Types of Euthanasia Essay1245 Words   |  5 Pagescontroversy begins, and morals become touchy issues for most people. Should euthanasia be an alternative to end pain, and suffering in certain circumstances; or is euthanasia a mindless, selfish means to an end. Even worse; could euthanasia be considered an act of murder? In the first article I read â€Å"Euthanasia, Ethics and Public Policy: An Argument Against Legislation† by John Keown. According to Keown the term euthanasia can be defined as, â€Å"The active, intentional termination of a patient’s life

The True Nature of Obsession (Othello, Endless Love and...

The true nature of obsession manipulates a person’s character, forcing them to act in unusual ways, as if possessed by an involuntary need. An obsessed mind becomes intensely absorbed in the subject of the obsession to an extent that drives away the truth and realism in their values, morals and perceptions. William Shakespeare manifests this idea of an involuntary change in character in the play â€Å"Othello†, and with a similar approach this idea is identified by Scott Spencer in the novel â€Å"Endless Love† and is further explored in â€Å"Obsession†, a poem written by DaMoyre. Throughout each of these texts, the composers’ use of characterization depicts the true nature of obsession with themes of jealously, revenge and, as a consequence, madness.†¦show more content†¦Other characters in the play note this evident juxtaposition, this is reflective of Lodovico’s horror when he experiences Othello’s dramatic transformation, â€Å" Is this the noble Moor whom our full senate, Call all-in-all sufficient? Is the nature/ Whom passion could not shake? Whose solid virtue/ The shot of accident nor dart of chance/ Could neither graze nor pierce?† Shakespeare’s use of repetitive rhetorical questions addresses Lodovico’s shock and dismay in such a dramatic change. Obsession driven revenge often leads to extensive deceiving, lying and dishonesty. Shakespeare conveys this idea with his characterization of Iago and the idea is further investigates by Scott Spencer in his novel â€Å"Endless Love†. First person narration allows the audience to obtain deepened insight into the thoughts of the characters transfixed, consumed and manipulated mind. The characterization of David in this novel exemplifies this notion as he describes the nature of a lie, â€Å" You don’t live it, you live in it, the way you might live in a cave†. Spencer uses a simile to provide imagery and insight into the true nature of obsession. The idea presented is one of captivation and consumption that emerges involuntarily, as a result of consistent lying to gain power and manipulation in a path of revenge. In the poem â€Å"Obsession†, DaMoyre presents the idea of jealous driven revenge as a result of constant craving, yarning and need for the subject of obsession, without gain. In a

The Holocaust, By Robert Burns - 1121 Words

Scottish poet, Robert Burns wrote, â€Å"Man’s inhumanity to man makes countless millions mourn.† When looking back on the history of our society, many incidences that reflect this thought clearly. One that stands out to me is the Holocaust. The Holocaust was the â€Å"purification† of Nazi Germany led by Adolf Hitler from 1939 to 1945. There were millions of people that were cycled through the concentration camps that the Nazis built. The millions of people that were killed are just a small portion of the billions that were indirectly impacted by the horrible actions of the Nazis. I believe that Nazi Germany performed inhumane acts on the people that they put into the concentration camps, therefore indirectly affecting millions, possibly billions, of people. When Adolf Hitler came onto the scene, he claimed that he would be the best ruler that Germany had ever seen. He claimed that he would revert the country back to its once state of greatness. He would have be en one of the greatest rulers of all time if he would not have started the Holocaust. It was not as if the people of Germany had no idea what Hitler was capable of. He wrote down all of the gruesome things he would do to create a pure race if he became a ruler. Hitler wrote Mein Kampf while he was in prison for treason committed after the First World War for five years. In Mein Kampf, Adolf Hitler explains the final solution to the Jewish problem. He outlines all of his plans in the book, and was a best seller in Germany.Show MoreRelatedHolocaust Vs. The Auschwitz Gas Chambers1644 Words   |  7 PagesHolocaust Deniers vs. The Auschwitz Gas Chambers Were there really gas chamber at Auschwitz and were where they used for the mass extermination of Jewish people? Many people around the world would say â€Å"Yes†. During the middle of the twentieth century, one of the most horrific displays of not only violence, but murder as well, was carried out and targeted at the Jewish community of Germany. This atrocity would later be known as the Holocaust. With Hitler’s anti-Semitic beliefs, Nazi Germany beganRead More The Nuremberg Trials Essay example1253 Words   |  6 Pages1945 (Keeshan 13). A defendant named Robert Ley committed suicide two weeks before the start of the trial. Therefor, an Allied guard was placed at the door of each Nazi leader’s prison door to stop them from killing themselves. When the November trial date finally arrived the city was restored, the defendants were secured and the trial was ready to begin (Keeshan 20). The brutal crimes that the defendants were on trial for revolved around the Holocaust. It is important to understand theRead MoreThe Trials Of The Nuremberg Trials984 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"I told him that I did not believe that they could burn people in our age, that humanity would never tolerate it,† (Elie Wiesel.) This was true, no one tolerated it, many were determined to bring these people to justice. The first international trial, the Nuremberg Trials brought many of these nazi war criminals to justice. The Nuremberg Trials were separate trials to bring Nazis to justice. It involved many people, not just the nazis. The trials had a positive outcome, however some may find it surprisingRead MoreEssay about Elie Wiesels Night1220 Words   |  5 PagesWhen looking at the holocaust, it is widely known the devastation and pain that was caused by the Nazis; however when inspecting the holocaust on a deeper level, it is evident that the Jews were exposed to unimagina ble treatment and experimentation often overlooked in history discussions. When looking at â€Å"Night†, Elie Wiesel was helped by the doctors in the camp when his foot was severely infected; although this is not the experience he had, many Jews were mistreated and even killed by the doctorsRead MorePoem Comparison1393 Words   |  6 Pageswho compares to herself to a Holocaust victim while also telling the reader that she has nine lives, much like a cat. The reader figures out that â€Å"it† is dying but, like a cat, the speaker keeps returning to life. Lady Lazarus tells the reader about the first two times that she almost died and how â€Å"dying is an art.† She describes death as theatrical as she’s possibly preforming her third death in front of a crowd at a circus. She again compares herself to a Holocaust victim as she imagines herselfRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress And Stress On Health And A Sound Life Essay1638 Words   |  7 Pagesre-experiment s in the form of anxious reactions. In 1970, two American psychiatrists, Chaim Shatan and Robert J. Lifton, started dating groups with veteran patients from the Vietnam War in New York, who eventually spread to all American institutions treating these patients. Shatan Lifton13 began reading Kardiner, the literature on Holocaust survivors, and the existing work on victims of accidents and burns. They removed a list of the 27 most common symptoms of traumatic neuroses, which compared withRead MoreFranklin Delano Roosevelts Presidency Essay1190 Words   |  5 Pagesrelocation camps. Under Roosevelts leadership, the United States emerged from World War II as the worlds foremost economic, political, and military power. During WWII a big issue Franklin Delano Roosevelt had to deal with was Adolph Hitler and the Holocaust. Hitler was an extremely racist man who was trying to eliminate Jews. He had concentration camps I Germany where Jews were executed. To help aid those suffering under Hitler, FDR established the War Refugee Board in January of 1944. This Board coordinatedRead More Emotion and Memory of the Holocaust Essay4533 Words   |  19 Pages In the aftermath of the Jewish Holocaust, an outpouring of eyewitness accounts by both survivors and perpetrators has surfaced as historical evidence. For many, this has determined what modern popular culture remembers about this atrocious event. Emotion obviously plays a vital role in the accounts of the survivors, yet can it be considered when discussing the historical significance of the murder of six million European Jews by the Third Reich? Emotion is the expression of thoughts and beliefsRead MoreAnimal Imagery in the Wars Essays1848 Words   |  8 Pagescharacterization and theme. The protagonist, Robert Ross, has a deep connection with animals that reflects his personality and the situations that he faces. This link between Robert and the animals shows the reader that human nature is not much different than animal nature. The animals in this story are closely related to the characters, especially the character of Robert. Rodwell acknowledges Roberts close union with animals when he draws Robert in his sketchbook as the only human form amongRead More10 Most Remarkable Posthumously Published Books1595 Words   |  6 Pagesto complete the first full published version of the text. The larger public in Russia didn’t get access to the full work until 1973, 33 years after it was written. A memorable and much-quoted line in The Master and Margarita is: manuscripts dont burn. Well we are happy this one didnt. 3. A Confederacy of Dunces - John Kennedy Toole Died: 1969 Published: 1980 This book is nothing short of a publishing phenomenon. Toole submitted it for publication during his life, but its repeated rejection

Bad Drivers Free Essays

Please note that the drivers used in this rant are full driving license and know the ‘Do’s and Don’t of driving! What is a bad driver? A bad driver is the moron who lacks the brain capacity to drive like a normal person. Instead of looking at a situation and thinking about it logically, the driver chugs along In their own little world blissfully unaware of the world around them. It Isn’t that they don’t want to care about the others around them, the problem Is that their brains are actually so tiny that they are enable to comprehend more than one thing at a time. We will write a custom essay sample on Bad Drivers or any similar topic only for you Order Now This Is why you will often spot a bad driver stopping in the middle of the road. What has happened, Is that In the middle of attempting a maneuver that requires them to think about multiple things at the same time, their brain and body has suffered a complete overload and shut Itself down. A few weeks ago I suffered a mentally disturbing experience. As usual I was running late for my football class, so I decided to ask my parents If I can go by car. Surprisingly they agreed. After a fairly peaceful Journey, possibly the worst possible outcome occurred. It was a minor road and 2 cars have met. What should have happened is either one of the drivers reverse into an opening to clear the way, saving everyone loads of time; however neither one of the drivers had the decency to clear the way and soon enough a 2 car roadblock became a bundle of cars all mindlessly honking at each other. What have we become? Human Being†¦ Seriously, is there some kind of driving epidemic going on that I haven’t heard about? How to cite Bad Drivers, Papers

Compare and Contrast To His Coy Mistress by Andrew Marvell and Sonnet 116 by William Shakespeare Essay Example For Students

Compare and Contrast To His Coy Mistress by Andrew Marvell and Sonnet 116 by William Shakespeare Essay In this assignment I will compare and contrast two poems To His Coy Mistress written by Andrew Marvell in 1650 and Sonnet 116 by William Shakespeare written in 1590. Both on the theme of love and time and both written to be sent to an unknown recipient. Neither of these two poems were intended to be published. The first major difference between the two poems would be that the structure is noticeably different. Marvell attempts syllogism by dividing his poem into a three-part argument. However, experts say Marvell has not succeeded in this technique. Stanza one talks about how if they had all the time in the world they would be able to take their time and not have to rush to be together. Part two of the poem is written to shock and remind the recipient that one day she will die and then it will be too late. The third and final stanza is written to encourage her to be active and agree with what she is saying. Shakespeares Sonnet 116 is a closed form poem. This means the poem is written to set rules. A sonnet must include one rhyming couplet at the end, fourteen lines in total, a set rhyming scheme, written to the theme of love and to be divided into an octet and sestet. Sonnets are also written in iambic pentameter, meaning that there are 10 syllables per line. Shakespeare succeeds in this technique and creates a successful sonnet. A similarity between the two poems would be that both poems relate to the theme of love and its relation to time. However, both views are extremely different. Andrew Marvell is more focused on the physical side of love. Marvell talks about how if time was not an issue he would not have to rush to marry her, he would have all the time in the world to win her love. Stanza three then shocks the recipient into reality that one day she will die and it will be too late. In this poem time is seen as a destroyer than cannot be stopped no matter how much two people love one another. However, William Shakespeare explores the concept of true love and how, when this is gained it is not affected by time, although appearances are. William Shakespeare believes true love is constant even when this is tested with lifes troubles and problems it will extend beyond moral existence. A connection between the two poems is that both poets use distinct tones to get the message across. In part one of Andrew Marvells To His Coy Mistress the tone is one of acceptance, relaxation and patience. Stanza two the poet becomes more urgent and persuasive. Lastly in stanza three the poet is enthusiastic and is encouraging the reader to act on what he has been saying. As there is a distinct change between stanzas in Andrew Marvells poem, William Shakespeares tone is one of consistence. It is also shown that Shakespeare believes strongly in this issue as he does not change his mind about love and keeps to a confident, positive tone throughout. Another similarity between both poems is that each poet uses vivid, clear and effective imagery that the Edwardian audience would have been familiar with. Andrew Marvell uses unconventional imagery which is appropriate to the purpose of each section. In stanza one, where the tone is one of relaxation, Marvell compares his love to a slow growing vegetable. My vegetable love should grow vaster than empires and more slow Here Marvell is comparing his love to a vegetable, something which is small and slow growing, yet still waiting to be picked; to an empire which is something pictured to be vast and amazing yet also takes a long time to be built up. This works well as you would not usually expect something as special as love to be compared to an everyday object such as a vegetable. .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042 , .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042 .postImageUrl , .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042 , .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042:hover , .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042:visited , .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042:active { border:0!important; } .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042:active , .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042 .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue7fb35932372438ea9c8303ec4708042:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: All the world's a stage - from Shakespeare's As You Like It Act 2, Scene 7 EssayIn stanza two there is a change in tone and the mood of the poem becomes more intense. The poet is trying to shock the reader and remind her that time is a destroyer and one day time will catch up with her and she will die. Times winged chariot hurrying near; and yonder all before us lie This gives the impression of something fast, chasing someone into an open desert with nothing in front of them and no where to hide. The wings give a faster image into the readers head. The fact that there is no escape makes people panic and want to rush and get a head start before this winged chariot called ti me catches up. Finally stanza three has more of a positive and lively tone. Thus, though we cannot make our sun stand still, yet we will make him run Here Marvell makes use of personification and gives the impression of making time move so fast that even the sun will have to speed up to catch up with two lovers. This works as the Edwardian audience would be able to relate to time in this way. They would have believed the sun was the time keeper and it was the sun that decides how long a day will last. Sonnet 116 takes on a more positive attitude to love and time. Loves not times fool, though rosy lips and cheeks. Within his bending sickles compass come Here the poet refers to time as a fool. Shakespeare means that love is not beaten and made a mockery out of by time. The second part of this quote means that physical beauty will fade and by saying sickle compass come Shakespeare is cleverly comparing time to the grim reaper, a personification of death. O no! It is an ever- fixed mark that looks on tempests and is never shaken; It is the star to every wandering bark An ever-fixed mark could refer to several things. Such as a lighthouse that used to guide the lost ships. It could also refer to the pole star. This is also something the audience could relate to as shipping was one of the ways of transport in those days. Stars were also used for navigation at sea this was known as celestial navigation. The star or lighthouse to a lost ship would be a fixed mark which can be relied upon for guidance. In comparison to love, Shakespeare is saying love is something that you can always rely on to guide you back. In conclusion there are a number of similarities and differences between the two poems although they were written sixty years apart by completely different poets. Despite this Marvell and Shakespeare proceed to use the same theme and express their view using effective imagery linked to the subject matter. An obvious difference would be that one poet writes to a close form were there are restrictions to the way the poem is written. However Marvell writes to an open form were there are no restrictions to the way the poet has to write.

Breach of Duty of Care

Question: Explore "Breach of duty of care andDrafting company documents". Answer: Part I:Breach of duty of care Issue: Gamma was the Board Member of the company Second Millennium Limited. Delta Do is an acclaimed actor and entertainer. She was invited to join the board due to her channels and connections with high net worth individuals and she replaced Sigma Su. Then the fortune of the business fluctuated and collectors can pay only the anticipated amounts whether the other items of memorabilia may be hard to replace. Movie industry is notoriously slow to pay its bills. Then alpha propose to acquire a factory in Iceland for own source of supply which was currently owned by GBH. In the mean time When Beta tried to contact the Board Members, Alpha and Delta could be contacted, Gamma asserts that he knows nothing, she even tried to contact Sigma but Beta send the message that to transfer the $2 million to the account of GBH to finalize the purchase. Again this deal was to be cancelled by Alpha. This action was hasty and resulted in damage for the company which will be very difficult to recover fr om Law: The Corporation act 2001 Sect 588G introduced a statutory code of directors general duties first time. This statutory codes expressly preserves the effects of the previous case laws and precise the nature of those duties to develop any other later case laws (Belcher, A., 2005). The statutory scheme on directorsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ duties is contained in Chapter 2 a 1, section 112, titled General Duties of Duties, types of companies are registered. That Chapter covers the principles in sect 181 and 182, where good faith and purpose of the company is revealed. The ambit of the statutory scheme is set out in section 183 as per Corporation act of Australia (Tomasic, et al, 2002). As per the section 588G of Corporation act directors are treated with their duties (Ramsay, et al, 2007). As a result of that, a person who controls a company or who performs the duty of a director without being formally appointed as such may not avoid liability for breach of duty simply of the fact that not being appointed formally as a director (Harris, et al, 2006). Application: Here in the above case law, the director Gamma Zhan, who is a director of the company Second Millennium Limited, and was at the first time of the companys incorporation. So as per the duty of the director of Gamma is concerned, Gamma asserted not knowing anything at the time when he was asked over phone by Delta. So this is not a breach of contract because of the fact that Gamma was formally appointed in this company and was present from the beginning. Conclusion: So in the above context, it is the Delta who makes the breach of contract of the duty of the directorship on the fact that she was in the board of the director and being a director she was not reachable when contacted by Beta and in her comment she asserted that she has joined just and has to go long for such things. Again she was appointed due to her connections and channels with the high net worth individuals instead of appointed formally. Alpha was also was not available on the phone but later on she tried to cancel the deal. So the advice is that Gamma has not breached the directors duty of care when he surrendered by saying that he knows nothing about the deal. Part II: Drafting company documents Steps involved on the Resignation of a Director from a company, as per the Companies Act, 2013 are as follows: 1. The director intending to resign shall send a notice to the company in written and the resignation will take effect from the date on which the notice is received by the company or from the date specified by the director in his notice, whichever is earlier. 2. The director is liable, even after the resignation take effect, on the offences occurred during his tenure (Blanchard, et al, 2007). 3. The director has to file the Form DIR 11, and mention therein the reason for resigning; the copy of notice sent to the company, proof of dispatch and has to the said form within the 30 days from the date of his resignation along with the prescribed filing fees as per Corporation act (Turley, et al, 2001). In the Form DIR 11, for resigning from the post of director, there should be an appointment date. The DIN of the director is necessary in the alternate appointment. The filing and registration date of the company should be done. The notice of the resignation specification should be mentioned (Woodward, et al, 2005). The resignation should be entered in the e-form, DIR-12. The reason of the resignation should be mentioned (Keay, et al, 2005). References: Belcher, A. (2005), Directors' decisions and the law. Blanchard, P. Barker, S. (2007). Business insolvency. [Wellington, N.Z.]: NZLS, Family Law Section, Property Law Section [and] Continuing Legal Education. Harris, J. Baxt, R. (2006). Corporations legislation 2006. Pyrmont, N.S.W.: Thomson Lawbook Co. Keay, Andrew. Company Directors' Responsibilities To Creditors in Australia. Hoboken: Taylor Francis, 2005. Print. Ramsay, Ian M. Corporate Governance And The Duties Of Company Directors. Melbourne: University of Melbourne, Centre for Corporate Law Securities Regulation, 2007. Print. Tomasic, R., Bottomley, S., McQueen, R. (2002). Corporations law in Australia. Leichhardt, NSW: Federation Press. Turley, Ian F and Ayshia Rizza. The Financial Services Reform Act 2001. Melbourne: Leo Cussen Institute, 2002. Print. Woodward, S. Bird, H. (2005). Corporations law. Pyrmont, NSW: Lawb

How does Turkeys greater democratization influence the handling of the Cyprus dispute

Introduction The Cyprus issue has been a major part of Turkey’s political agenda since 1974 with nationalistic sentiments and security concerns dominating the discourse about the problem. The importance of Cyprus to Turkey has remained significant with Turkey consistently asserting its national interests in Cyprus.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on How does Turkey’s greater democratization influence the handling of the Cyprus dispute? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to the Turkish ministry of Foreign Affairs, â€Å"Cyprus is an issue involving Turkey’s vital national and strategic interests†1. The Turkish government has therefore invested significant amount of effort and commitment to the issue. Even so, there have been significant changes in Turkey’s handling of the Cyprus dispute as a result of moves by Turkey towards greater democratization. These moves have primaril y been as a result of progress towards EU membership by Turkey. Turkey has undertaken substantial reforms to conform with the Copenhagen criteria which are a prerequisite to becoming an EU member state. In addition to this, Turkey has displayed considerable enthusiasm to resolving the Cyprus conflict. This paper will assess how Turkey’s greater democratization has and continues to influence the handling of the Cyprus dispute. This paper shall discuss how Turkey’s greater democratization has influenced the positive steps towards resolution of the Cyprus dispute. The paper shall demonstrate that by offering Turkey the possibility of full-EU membership, the EU propelled profound changes in Turkey’s domestic and foreign policy. Brief Historical Overview of Turkey Modern day Turkey traces its roots to the Ottoman Empire which was a powerful and important player in the European state system. This powerful entity was brought to an end following World War I and Istanbul was occupied by British and French forces. However, The Turks managed to gain freedom from European occupation under the 1920 Treaty of Sevres. The modern Republic of Turkey was subsequently founded in October 1923 and its present day borders established.2 Turkey differs significantly from the other EU constituents in that it is not Christian, does not share Europe’s Greco-Roman cultural and historical heritage, and is not geographically located on the European continent3.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The guiding principles of the new Turkish state were secularism and homogenous nationalism. The newly formed Republic of Turkey was keen to elevate itself into a modernized state. Therefore, from its birth, Turkey embarked on a Westernization process so as to elevate its status and improve its security both at home and abroad. The Cyprus Island was once under Tur kish rule as a result of the conquest of the Ottoman Empire in 1951. The Island was then leased to Britain but following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I, the island became a British colony hence marking an end of the Turkish claim. Even so, there existed Turks on the Cyprus Island and hence Turkish interest in Cyprus continued. Another reason for this interest was because Turkey viewed Cyprus as strategically located and hence of military significance. The Cyprus Issue The conflict between the two ethnic groups which reside on the island of Cyprus: the Greek Cypriots and the Turkish Cypriots has been a major part of international politics for nearly half a century. The Republic of Cyprus obtained international legal standing in 1960 through a compromise result negotiated by the governments of the United Kingdom, Greece, and Turkey. Majority of the Greek Cypriots hoped for a union of Cyprus with Greece while the majority of Turkish Cypriots supported the division of t he island between the two motherlands of Turkey and Greece. Under such a foundation, it was agreed that the guarantor powers (United Kingdom, Greece and Turkey) could directly interfere with the domestic affairs of the newly formed state of Cyprus in the event that circumstances spun out of control. Even after its independence, the Greek-Cypriot dominated Cyprus remained a volatile region. Greco-Turkish conflicts broke out in the new republic of Cyprus on 21 December 1963. These fighting broke off because of the lack of security for the Turkish elements in the government. As a result of this, the partnership government which had been formed by the Greek and Turkish Cypriots broke down.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on How does Turkey’s greater democratization influence the handling of the Cyprus dispute? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Turkey planed an all out invasion of Cyprus in 1964 but the move was s topped due to US diplomatic pressure. Inter communal fighting continued between the two ethnic groups and an escalation of this fighting led to the break down of the constitutional order that had united the Island. In the summer of 1974, a Greek-inspired coup on Cyprus led to the invasion by Turkey of the northern part of the island. The Turkish military intervention on the island was carried out in the face of strong objections and pressure from Turkey’s key Western allies. This demonstrates the significance that Cyprus holds to Turkey. The Turkish intervention of 1974 led to a partitioning of the island into two distinctive zones: the northern Turkish and southern Greek. In consequence of this invasion, Turk-Cypriots now hold 40% of the island’s territory. In 1983, the Turkish Cypriots declared an independent Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) whose boundaries extended from the green line established by the UN separating northern and southern Cyprus. However, Turkey is the only Nation which recognizes this self declared state.. Efforts have been made to try and settle the issue with the invention of Greece and Turkey to no avail. The United Nation and European Union have also made attempts to try and aid the settling of the issue to no avail. Turkey and Greece Relations Turkey’s relationship with Greece has a direct bearing on its handling of the Cyprus dispute. Since the Turkish invasion of Cyprus following the 1974 Cyprus crises, Greece regarded Turkey as a major security threat. This was because of the close proximity for Greece to Turkey and the much smaller population of Greece as compared to Turkey. In addition to this, Turkey repeatedly rejected Greece’s proposal for a bilateral non-use of force pact. All this was under the backdrop of Turkey gradually increasing her military capabilities. The acquisition and deployment of the Russian s-300 anti-aircraft missile system by Cyprus lead to increase anxiety by Turkey ov er the intentions of Greek-Cyprus. Greece-Turkey relationships are of major significance in Turkey’s EU membership goals. Turkey has historically had a clear adversary within the EU in the form of Greece. The enmity between these two states had served as a major blocking point to Turkish candidacy up until 1999. This is because even if Turkey were to meet all the conditions for membership to the EU, Greece would veto Turkey’s membership in the EU.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Relations between Turkey and Greece started to warm up during the Kosovo conflict when the two governments acknowledged the need for improved relationships. The catastrophic earthquakes that hit Turkey and Greece in August and September 1999 further improved relationships between the two nations. Greece’s swift reaction to the Turkish tragedy changed the mood between the nations and resulted in similar good wiled reactions by Turkey following the Greece earthquake. Both countries through official and private initiatives sought to alleviate the plight of earthquake-torn Greeks and Turks. Following this events, Greece accepted the granting of EU candidate status to Turkey in the December 1999 EU Summit. This was a monumental step since Greece had always been opposed to Turkey’s ambition to join the EU. Ker-Lindsay states that in view of the belief in the power of the EU to transform Turkey into a less threatening neighbor, Greece has since 1999 become one of the strong p rotagonists of eventual Turkish membership4. The Cyprus Dispute and Europeanization of Turkey The Europeanization process has assisted Turkey’s ambitions to join EU since. This is because Europeanization in essence implied adoption of an active approach towards the Balkans and advocating the region’s eventual integration into the structures of the European Union. Turkey’s ambitions to become an associate or full member in European institutes and the European Union in particular go as far back as the early 1960s. These ambitions were best articulated in 1987 when Turkey formally applied for admission to the European Community in April 1987. At the moment, Turkey is an associate member of the EU, and has yet to accede to the EU and become a full member. While political reforms have been ongoing since transition to civilian rule in 1983, their speed and magnitude has been catalyzed by the candidacy for membership and the start of accession talks with the EU. A big incentive for Turkey to join the EU was the huge economic crisis that Turkey experienced between 200 and 2001. This crisis was an important force in propelling reforms towards EU membership. EU membership promised significant material benefits and in a time when Turkey was experiencing one of its worse economic crises, the potential benefits associated with EU membership looked promising. From the very onset of Turkey’s EU membership aspirations, the Greek-Turkish conflicts over Cyprus posed a serious problem to Turkey being given candidate status. Turkey is a predominantly Muslim country and this had resulted in issues of bad blood as a result of the Islamophobia that is typical of much of the Western. Painting an image of a democratic and peaceful Turkey has therefore been a key goal of the government over the past decade. These factors have influenced the stance taken by the AKP government with regard to the Cyprus issue. Turkey was determined to show that it was not the p arty refraining from reaching a solution to the dispute. In order to gain the world’s support, Turkey was determined to achieve a lasting peaceful solution to the Cyprus issue. Çelenk asserts that a major motivation for Turkey’s willingness for peace was â€Å"to prove the rightness and good will of the Turkish side to the world†5. This would further aid in Turkey’s quest for Europeanization and integration into the EU. Changes in Turkey’s Approach to the Cyprus Problem Prior to the 1999 Helsinki Summit, Turkey’s Cyprus policy was based upon rigid nationalistic lines. The problem was thus perceived as one of â€Å"national cause† and indeed a matter of national security. A resolution of the Turkish Parliament of 1999 presented a solid framework for Turkish policies towards Cyprus. The document stated that unless the reality of two separate states in Cyprus was acknowledged and equal treatment afforded to the two states, no settlem ent could be achieved. An internationally recognized TRNC would pacify Turkish security concerns hence increasing the likelihood of a settlement. Turkey also asserted that the application of Greek Cypriots for EU membership on behalf of the whole island was against the founding treaties of 1960 which specified that the interests of each of the guarantors (Turkey and Greece) be respected. Turkish leaders made it clear that Turkey would not relinquish Cyprus for the sake of EU membership and up to 2003, the Turkish government was threatening to counter EU integration with Cyprus by increasing integration between Turkey and the TRNC. Annexation of the TRNC was even considered by the Turkish government in several incidences. Following the Helsinki Summit of the EU in 1999, the southern part of the island of Cyprus was allowed to join the EU despite the fact that there was no settlement of the Cyprus issue. Çelenk notes that the same summit imposed the settlement of the Cyprus issue as one of the necessary preconditions that Turkey had to address before joining the EU6. This precondition accentuated the fact that an amicable settlement of the conflict on the island was inescapably tied to Turkey’s EU membership. By offering Turkey the possibility of full-EU membership in December 1999, The EU Helsinki Council provided a strong motivation for change in Turkey’s domestic politics7. This helped to propagate a series of radical reforms with regard to the democratization process Çelenk reveals that Turkey’s political agenda have had significant bearings on the Cyprus issue with Turkish foreign policy uncompromising attitude towards Cyprus being countered by its willingness to adopt greater democratization and hopefully become an EU member state8. Ulusoy explicitly states that the changes and alignments in Turkey’s foreign policy are closely related to democratization under the pressure of the EU accession process9. Since her applicati on to the EC in 1987, Turkey adopted a strategy that was based on rejecting any linkage between the Cyprus issues and EU-Turkey relations. However, the 1999 Helsinki Summit established a clear linkage between the progress of the nature of Turkey-EU relations and the resolution of Turkey’s conflicts with her neighbors. The coming to power in 2002 of the Justice and Development Party (AKP) presented a new dawn in Turkey’s foreign policy. While the governments before AKP had strongly opposed any compromise in resolving the Cyprus issue. The policy adopted by the AKP government which demonstrated a willingness to pursue a solution through a positive attitude was a major breakthrough. A crucial distinguishing characteristic of AKP from the previous governments was that it openly accepted the linkage between Turkey-EU relations and the Cyprus issue. An EU progress Report on Turkey issued on November 5, 2003 stated that â€Å"lack of a solution in Cyprus can pose a serious o bstacle to Turkey’s EU process†10. This statement was the first official link of Turkey’s EU membership with the Cyprus issue. The Turkish government therefore sought to support international efforts for the unification of Cyprus since the Cyprus issue had direct bearings on Turkey’s EU ambitions. The EU summit in December 2004 noted that Turkey had contributed positively towards the solution of the Cyprus problem. The summit also recognized the improvement in Turkey’s relations with her neighbors. Following the failed referendum of the Annan Plan as a result of the Greek-Cypriots vote, Turkey’s policy on the Cyprus issue started to move toward delinking its membership perspective from the resolution of the conflict. Accession talks could not begin immediately after the 1999 candidacy status of Turkey due to Turkey’s non-compliance with the Copenhagen political criteria. Beginning in 2001, the EU has published Accession Partnership doc uments that illustrate issues that Turkey should address in its bid to fulfill the Copenhagen criteria. In December 2004, negotiations were deemed as being ready to commence since the European commission judged that Turkey had â€Å"sufficiently fulfilled the Copenhagen political criteria†11. IT should be note that Accession negotiations are not negotiations in the literal sense of the word, but rather the candidate county’s progressive adoption of EU laws and regulations. Following this, Turkey embarked upon intensive legislative reforms so as to meet the Copenhagen criteria. These reforms were aimed at bringing Turkish democracy up to European standard by eliminating the authoritarian aspects of the Turkish constitutional and legal system. Effects of Turkey’s Democratization efforts to Cyprus dispute Turkey’s democratization efforts have had a significant positive impact on the Cyprus issue. Before the democratization efforts, Turkey was content to unde rtake a passive stance in the solution of the Cyprus dispute. The coming to power of the Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve KalkÄ ±nma Partisi, AKP) in November 2002 marked a significant change in the Turkish government’s Cyprus policy. Çelenk notes that right after the general elections, the leader of AKP, Tayyip Erdogan, pointed to the need for a fundamental change in the policies that had been in place for the previous 30 years12. Erdogan argued that the passive policies that had until then served the status quo could not be expected to result in a solution for the Cyprus issue. A radical change in Turkey’s attitude towards the issue was proposed as the key to attaining a solution. Democratization is characterized by voting rights and the primacy of civilian rule over military rule. Turkish politics traditionally represents a contest for power between civilians and the military which has historically exerted a lot of influence over the country’s po litics. The military through the National Security Council (NSC) often expresses its views on issues and has a huge influence on the policymaking process. Diez notes that as of 2000, features of Turkey’s political landscape continued to resemble those of the 1970s with the military playing a dominant role in Turkish politics via the NSC13. Turkey’s EU membership process caused significant changes since the EU demanded for democratization in Turkey. This demand required that the TAF would no longer be a political actor or have immense influence on the policymaking process. In essence, the EU membership ambitions called on the curbing of the influence of the army in the political arena. Due to the huge public support for EU membership in Turkey, the military could not openly oppose steps towards democratization. The move by the AKP to restructure the foreign policy was the first major challenge on the values of the army since Turkey announced its ambitions to join the EU . This move challenged the policies and values that had for a long time promoted the influence of the military in the domestic and foreign affair policies of Turkey. In fact when the government began to take a series of initiatives in line with the new stance regarding Cyprus, the TAF also came up with its plans. While the government’s plan was accommodating and in line with the Annan Plan, the military’s pan took a different attitude towards the Annan Plan and regarded it as unacceptable14. The Land Forces General when as far as to state that â€Å"the UN Cyprus Plan was unacceptable, could lead to violence and it threatened Turkey’s interests and island’s security†15. Following this declarations, the army pledged its continued support for the Northern Cyprus leader and his approach to the Cyprus problem. This illustrates the power struggle that continued between the civilian rulers and the army. As a democracy, Turkey’s leaders would have to rely more and more on the support of the domestic population to ensure their reelection. Increasing the political party’s powers presented one of the best ways to achieve this. As it were, there was huge public support for EU membership in Turkey. The ruling party AKP was keen to work towards achieving the desires of the people so as to increase its popularity. The ruling Turkey’s party, AKP, adopted a different strategy in dealing with the president of the TRNC. While the previous Turkish foreign policy had praised the Turkish Cypriots leader and supported his methods for dealing with the Cyprus dispute, the AKP government criticized him and challenged his policies and attitudes towards the Cyprus Issue. Turkey’s new policy was in line with the EU’s attitude since Turkey wanted EU membership. By restructuring the Cyprus policy in a manner that was supported by the EU, the AKP demonstrated to the people its resolve to achieve EU membership. This provid ed a means of protecting the interests of AKP by increasing the party’s power and domestic support. Prospects of Turkey Democratizing and Solving the Cyprus Problem Over the course of the last 10 years, Turkey has made significant progress towards democratization both as a result of public pressure but mostly so as to join the EU. Turkey has also increasingly shown its commitment to solving the Cyprus problem in line with the wishes of the US. The referendum to vote for the Annan Plan in 2004 demonstrated Turkish resolve to settle the Cyprus issue. The Annan Plan was a United Nations proposal to settle the dispute of the divided island nation of Cyprus by creating the United Cyprus Republic under terms that were agreeable to all the key actors in the dispute. The Turkish Cypriots voted in favor of the plan with a 64.9% majority mostly as a result of the influence of Turkey. It was the Greek Cypriots who rejected the Annan Plan with a 75.8% vote against. The negative response to the Annan Plan by the Greek Cypriots was a disappointment to most members of the EU. This was because the resolution of the Cyprus problem was a major goal of the EU and it was always assumed that the leaders of the Turkish-Cypriot community were the main opponents of the unification of the Island. Despite the positive developments made by Turkey, her prospects for membership still remain out of reach. The main reason for this is the slow pace of democratization that is exhibited in Turkey. The Turkish military and conservative politicians have been pointed out as the two parties mostly responsible for the slow progress. These two groups fear that the extensive political freedoms that democratization in line with EU requirements would bring could endanger the unity of the country by empowering separatist groups. For Turkey, the Cyprus problem has not been a typical foreign policy issue but rather a â€Å"national cause† which has had clear repercussions on the power strugg le in Turkey. The Cyprus issue has been used as a populist tool by hardliners in Turkey due to the issues high nationalist resonance. Ulusoy reveals that the Cyprus issue has since the early 1950s been used by political elites for the purpose of inciting nationalism, populism and hence diverting the attention of the public from domestic, social, and economic problems. Issues with the Cyprus situations became evident in 29 July 2005 where Turkey issued a declaration stating that its signature in the EU summit in December 2004 (where the decision to extend its Customs Union with the EU to al new member states including Cyprus) did not constitute recognition of the divided island. This declaration was met by a counter declaration by the EU which clearly asserted that recognizing all EU member states was mandatory for the accession process to proceed16. This meant that Turkey had to recognize the Republic of Cyprus as a precondition to becoming an EU member state. In addition to this, t he 2005 framework of negotiations for Turkey included clauses that required Turkey to take steps to contribute to a favorable climate for a comprehensive settlement of the Cyprus issue. Even with increasing pressure from the EU to normalize her relations with Cyprus, Turkey continued to show opposition to Cyprus. Specifically, Turkey insisted that Cyprus be excluded from EU-NATO strategic cooperation in crisis management. In the late 2005, Turkey denied all Cypriot-flagged ships access to its ports and even closed its airspace to Cypriot aircrafts. Turkey and the Middle East Part of the reason why Turkey is so important to Europe is because of its strategic location as a buffer state between Europe and the Middle East. Turkey’s potential influence to countries in the Middle East is also monumental. Zucconi declares that the model Turkey is increasingly offering to Middle Eastern countries can have a great impact on their evolution towards democratic politics17. A Turkey that is visibly integrated in the EU would have an even bigger political impact on Turkey’s immediate neighbors. Turkey’s integration would create a strong pressure for introduction of democratic politics through out the Middle East The EU also deems Turkey as a key ally in the troubled Middle East region. As far back as 1946, the US regarded Turkey as an important military factor in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East and hence US provided the Turks with military assistance to wade off the Soviets. At the present, the regions volatility is accentuated by the growing power of Iran whose pursuit of nuclear weapons is cause for concern. Turkey’s membership in the EU would stabilize the volatile Middle East by removing the likelihood of a confrontation between Iran and Turkey18. This is because Iran would be highly unlikely to challenge a Turkey that is an EU member. Turkey’s Human Rights Situation One of the EU accession requirements as articulated in the Copenhagen criteria is that a country’s political system be characterized by democracy and a respect of human rights. Before its candidacy to the EU, Turkey was characterized by gross human right violations. Cases of police torture, extrajudicial killings and lack of a free press were rampant. Following its Candidacy status with the EU, Turkey has undertaken significant steps so as to fulfill the Copenhagen criteria. These steps have involved marked changes in the human rights scenario of the country. The Criminal Justice System of Turkey was historically marred with allegations of human right abuses. In preparation for EU membership, Turkey has made substantial improvements in this area. To begin with, reforms of the prison system and creation of the Monitoring Boards and a new system of enforcement judges has been implemented. There has also been the reduction in the length of time between arrest and trial so as to ensure that people do not spend too much time in police custody. Turkey also included provisions for retrial of individuals whose convictions were found by the European Court of Human Rights to be in violation of the European Convention of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. In addition to this, reforms were adopted in 2002 that lifted the death penalty in peace time and expanded the freedom of expression and greater freedom for non-Muslim religious minorities. There have been marked improvements in pretrial detention and Turkey’s new Penal Code, adopted in September 2003 and due to take effect in April 2005, defines torture and ill-treatment in accordance with international conventions. Members of security forces may not be held personally liable for judgments of torture or ill-treatment by the ECHR. Despite these drastic improvements in Turkey’s constitutional and legal system through the above named reforms, the implementation process is slow. In the areas of individual rights, there have been continued cases of tort ure and abuse by the police. Ulusoy reveals that there were 11 cases of extra judicial killings reported in the year 200819. Despite the alleged freedom of expression, there is still continued prosecution of writers, journalists, and publishers who are critical of the government. As of 2007, while allegations of police torture had declined markedly, abuses were still common especially in political cases. Discussion Turkey’s domestic and foreign policy have been undergoing profound changes since 1999 to the present time. These changes have included Turkey’s handling of the Cyprus issue. Undoubtedly, the greatest external force influencing Turkey’s handling of the Cyprus issue is its candidacy status with the EU. Without EU membership aspiration, it is highly unlikely that Turkey’s political system would have moved so rapidly to reform Turkey’s political system into a democracy. The Cyprus issue is linked to the relationship between Turkey and the EU . This has a significant effect on the Cyprus issue since prospects of EU membership are an important factor in the construction of Turkey’s Cyrus policies. From this paper, it is clear that the restructuring of Turkey’s policy towards Cyprus was as a result of the establishment of the Justice and Development Party (AKP) government. The AKP’s ability to shape new policies concerning Cyprus was as a result of the army’s limited area of interference. This limited interference was due to reforms made for the sake of EU membership. Greece is historically a dominant actor in the development of relations between Turkey and the EU and a cordial relationship between Greece and Turkey is helpful for Turkeys EU membership ambitions. The relationship between greater democratization and Turkey’s EU membership is that the more democratized Turkey becomes, the more it would adopt a more compromising style and a more EU-oriented outcomes. As such, as Turkey becom es more democratized, the participation of various societal groups in the foreign policy-making process would result in the adoption of more co-operative attitudes towards other democracies. However, there has been inconsistency of EU member states over Turkey’s place in the Union. For all its attempts at fulfilling the conditions set in order to become a member of the EU, Turkey still faces strong opposition from some of the major EU member states. A number of influential European leaders most notable of whom are Chancellor Angela Merkel and French President Nicolas Sarkozy have continued to openly oppose Turkey’s EU membership. The EU leaders who are against Turkey’s membership have advocated that Turkey-EU relations should continue on a partner that would not lead to full membership, but rather a status labeled as â€Å"privileged partner†20. This is proposed to be the major factor that is undermining the reform process in Turkey. The anti-reformist fo rces in Turkey point to this mixed reaction as proof that EU membership is unachievable for Turkey and as such, the democratization process should be stopped. Conclusion The aim of this research was to analyze the impact that Turkey’s greater democratization has on the handling of the Cyprus dispute. It has been noted that Turkey’s domestic and foreign policy have been undergoing profound changes since 1999 to the present time as a result of EU membership aspirations. There has been a significant change in Turkey’s handling of the Cyprus issue and specifically, the past decade has witnessed a surge in attempts to resolve the issue with Turkey playing a very dominant role. Turkey’s handling of the Cyprus issue has been influenced by the reconstruction of Turkey’s image in the international arena and the need to maintain good relations with the EU even as Turkey aims for accession into the EU. The Turkish government has actively tried to resolve the Cyprus issue albeit with little success. The paper has also reviewed Turkey’s Human Rights situation and while Turkey’s status is not yet at par with EU standards, the current situation represents a marked improvement from the human rights state from the past decades. However, this paper has taken care to point out that there still exists opposition to the democratization efforts and political reform in Turkey by some of the by political elites. This opposition may seriously undervalue the political transformation and progress that Turkey has made up to date. Even so, there is immense societal pressure for the Turkish government to join the EU hence the anti-reform forces are most likely to fail. While the Cyprus issue is yet unsolved, this paper has demonstrated that the democratization process in Turkey as well as the goodwill and efforts of the Turkish government have broken the stalemate that surrounded the issue since 1974. A solution to the Cyprus problem is clos er to being realized now than it ever was in the past three decades. Bibliography Çelenk, A. A., ‘The Restructuring of Turkey’s Policy towards Cyprus: The Justice and Development Party’s Struggle for Power’. Turkish Studies, 8:3, 2007, pp. 349-363. Cizre, U., Secular and Islamic politics in Turkey: the making of the Justice and Development Party. Routledge, 2008. Diez, T., The European Union and the Cyprus conflict: modern conflict, postmodern union. 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Ulusoy, K., ‘The Europeanization of Turkey and its impact on the Cyprus problem’. Journal of Southern Europe and the Balkans, Volume 10, Number 3, December 2008. Yesilada, A., Some expected and some not-so-expected Benefits of Turkey’s EU Membership for both Parties. European Union Studies Conference, May, 2007. Zucconi, M., ‘The Impact of the EU Connection on Turkey†™s Domestic and Foreign Policy’. Turkish Studies, 10: 1, 2009, pp.25-36. Footnotes 1 T Diez, The European Union and the Cyprus conflict: modern conflict, postmodern union. 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Turkish Studies, Vol. 7, No. 2, 2006, p.267. 11 Onis Keyman, op.cit., p.36. 12 Çelenk, op. cit., p. 351. 13 Diez, op. cit., p. 171. 14 Çelenk, op. cit., p. 356. 15 ibid., p. 357. 16 Ulusoy, op. cit., p. 318. 17 M Zucconi, ‘The Impact of the EU Connection on Turkey’s Domestic and Foreign Policy’, Turkish Studies, 10: 1, 2009, p.34. 18 A. Yesilada, Some expected and some not-so-expected Benefits of Turkey’s EU Membership for both Parties. European Union Studies Conference, May, 2007, p.4. 19 U Cizre, Secular and Islamic politics in Turkey: the making of the Justice and Development Party. Routledge, 2008, p.188. 20 ibid., p.185. This essay on How does Turkey’s greater democratization influence the handling of the Cyprus dispute? was written and submitted by user Adam D. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.